Which statement best describes the approach of supervisors in Douglas McGregor's Theory X?

In Douglas McGregor's Theory X, the approach of supervisors is characterized by a belief that employees inherently dislike work and will avoid it whenever possible. Therefore, supervisors who adhere to this theory typically employ strict measures to ensure that employees comply with organizational rules and expectations. This includes using dictatorial methods and imposing strict punishments as a means of controlling behavior and maintaining productivity.

Supervisors operating under Theory X often have a low view of their workers' capabilities and motivations, leading them to believe that without close supervision and harsh consequences for failure to perform, employees will not be productive. This method reflects a top-down management style where authority is centralized, and employees are expected to follow orders without question. This approach stands in stark contrast to the more collaborative and empowering approaches outlined in the other options.