What does macroeconomics primarily study?

Macroeconomics primarily studies the structure, performance, and behavior of an entire economy, focusing on broad aggregates such as national income, overall employment levels, inflation, and economic growth. This field of economics examines how all components of an economy interact and how policies can influence economic stability and growth. By analyzing factors like GDP, unemployment rates, and inflation rates, macroeconomics aims to understand and predict changes in the economy as a whole.

In contrast, microeconomics, which is the study of individual behavior of firms and consumers, focuses on smaller units of the economy, such as households and companies, and their decision-making processes. While government regulations and market trends are also important aspects of economics, they typically fall under specific studies within microeconomics or other related fields rather than being the central focus of macroeconomic analysis. Hence, option B accurately captures the essence of what macroeconomics examines.